The storage engine failed during master encryption key rotation, halting the process.
MySQL error 3180 ER_MASTER_KEY_ROTATION_ERROR_BY_SE occurs when the storage engine cannot rotate the master encryption key, usually due to misconfigured keyring plugins or file permissions. Verify keyring configuration, fix permissions, and rerun ALTER INSTANCE ROTATE INNODB MASTER KEY.
ER_MASTER_KEY_ROTATION_ERROR_BY_SE
MySQL raises error 3180 when the storage engine cannot rotate the master encryption key that protects InnoDB tablespace keys. The failure is surfaced as ER_MASTER_KEY_ROTATION_ERROR_BY_SE and stops the rotation operation.
The error leaves existing encrypted tablespaces intact but blocks new encrypted objects and further rotations. Addressing it quickly is essential for compliance and availability.
Misconfigured or missing keyring plugins prevent the storage engine from accessing the current master key, triggering the error.
Incorrect file permissions on the keyring file or directory cause read or write failures during rotation.
Upgrades or plugin switches without key migration leave metadata mismatched, leading to rotation failure.
1 - Confirm the keyring plugin is loaded: run SHOW PLUGINS and check the keyring status.
2 - Verify keyring file path and permissions in my.cnf. Ensure the mysqld user has read and write access.
3 - Retry rotation with ALTER INSTANCE ROTATE INNODB MASTER KEY after correcting the configuration.
Wrong keyring_file_data path: update my.cnf, restart MySQL, and rotate again.
Switch to keyring_encrypted_file without migration: use the keyring migration utility, then run rotation.
Filesystem hardening removed write access: restore rw permissions for the mysqld user.
Keep keyring files on protected storage with regular backups. Monitor file permissions and plugin status.
Perform key rotation in staging before production. Use configuration management to ensure consistent keyring settings across nodes.
ER_KEYRING_MIGRATION_FAILURE - occurs during plugin migration; fix by matching plugin versions and re-running migration.
ER_INNODB_ENCRYPTION_ROTATION_FAIL - appears when individual tablespace keys fail to rotate; check disk space and tablespace headers.
ALTER INSTANCE ROTATE INNODB MASTER KEY fails because MySQL cannot find the keyring plugin needed to decrypt existing keys.
The path in keyring_file_data points to a missing or inaccessible file, stopping rotation.
The mysqld user lacks read or write access to the keyring directory, causing storage engine errors.
Keys created under one keyring plugin are unreadable by another until migrated, triggering rotation failure.
Raised when key migration between plugins fails.
Occurs when MySQL cannot access the keyring file due to permissions.
Signals failure in per-tablespace key rotation rather than master key rotation.
Run SHOW PLUGINS and look for a row where plugin_type is AUTHENTICATION and the name starts with keyring. The Status column should read ACTIVE.
Rotation is online, but you should schedule a maintenance window because errors like 3180 may require a restart after configuration changes.
Galaxy's execution logs surface MySQL error codes immediately, allowing you to detect 3180 early, share the failing statement, and collaborate on a fix without leaving the editor.
All replicas must share the same keyring configuration. Apply fixes and rotate keys on the primary first, then rotate on replicas.
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