<p>MySQL error 1613 signals that an XA transaction branch exceeded the allowed time and was rolled back by the resource manager.</p>
<p>MySQL Error 1613: ER_XA_RBTIMEOUT occurs when an XA transaction branch takes longer than the configured timeout and the resource manager rolls it back. Reduce execution time, raise the XA timeout, or split the work into smaller units to resolve the issue.</p>
XA_RBTIMEOUT: Transaction branch was rolled back: took
MySQL raises error 1613 with the message "XA_RBTIMEOUT: Transaction branch was rolled back: took too long" when a distributed XA transaction branch exceeds the timeout configured on either MySQL or the participating resource manager.
The resource manager automatically rolls back the long-running branch, forcing MySQL to abort the global XA transaction. Clients then receive SQLSTATE XA106.
The error typically surfaces during two-phase commit when PREPARE or COMMIT statements wait for a response from the external resource and that response arrives after the timeout period.
It can also occur if network latency spikes, lock contention holds rows too long, or the server is under heavy load.
A low innodb_xa_transaction_timeout, slow disk I/O, long-running application logic inside the XA branch, or misconfigured middleware can all trigger the timeout.
Exceeding the xa_timeout value at the resource manager layer (e.g., a message queue or another database) forces a rollback even if MySQL has a higher timeout.
First find the query or procedure that holds the XA branch open. Optimize it or break it into smaller units. Next, raise innodb_xa_transaction_timeout or the external xa_timeout to a safe value.
Always monitor the slow query log and application telemetry to ensure the new timeout comfortably covers real-world latency.
Batch imports can exceed the default 60-second XA timeout. Commit smaller batches or disable XA for bulk jobs.
Microservices using JDBC may forget to call XA END before COMMIT. Ensure proper transaction boundaries to shorten branch lifetime.
Instrument every distributed transaction with start and end timestamps so you can detect abnormal runtimes quickly.
Set alerting thresholds at 80 percent of the timeout. Investigate if runtime crosses that mark more than once.
Error 1397 XAER_NOTA indicates the global transaction ID is unknown, often following a timeout. Clean up the XA state tables to recover.
Error 1398 XAER_INVAL signals bad flags; validate XID syntax when resubmitting after a timeout.
innodb_xa_transaction_timeout or the external resource manager's xa_timeout is set too low for current workload latency.
Complex joins, large scans, or procedural loops keep the branch active beyond the timeout.
Another session locks the required rows, delaying the XA branch until the timeout expires.
Slow or unstable network links between MySQL and the resource manager postpone phase-two messages.
Indicates the XID is unknown, often after a timeout cleanup.
Raised when XA flags or arguments are invalid.
Signals that the resource manager is unavailable or failed during XA processing.
Raising the timeout helps if runtime is near the limit, but masking slow queries can hide scalability issues. Optimize first, then adjust.
The rollback preserves atomicity, so data remains consistent, but the global transaction fails and client operations must retry.
No global switch exists, but you can avoid XA statements and use local transactions when distributed guarantees are unnecessary.
Galaxy surfaces long-running queries in real time, making it easy to refactor or split heavy XA branches before they hit the timeout.
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