<p>MySQL Error 1399 (ER_XAER_RMFAIL) occurs when an XA command is issued while the global transaction manager reports the resource manager in an invalid state.</p>
<p>MySQL Error 1399: ER_XAER_RMFAIL signals that the XA resource manager failed - the server cannot run the requested XA command because the global transaction is in an incompatible state. Re-synchronizing or rolling back the XA transaction, then retrying the command, resolves the issue.</p>
XAER_RMFAIL: The command cannot be executed when global
MySQL raises Error 1399 with message "XAER_RMFAIL: The command cannot be executed when global transaction is in the %s state" during distributed (XA) transactions. The server rejects the command because the internal resource manager is not ready for the requested operation.
The error usually appears on XA START, XA END, XA PREPARE, XA COMMIT, or XA ROLLBACK statements when the transaction manager detects that the global transaction has drifted into an unexpected state such as PREPARED, HEURISTIC, or ROLLBACK_ONLY.
Mismatch between the transaction state stored in the binary log or InnoDB engine and the state expected by the XA command will raise XAER_RMFAIL. Network splits, crashed sessions, or abrupt client disconnects often leave the transaction half-open.
Replication or failover can also desynchronize the global transaction table. When the same XID is reused or referenced on a different node, MySQL notices the conflict and rejects the operation to protect ACID guarantees.
First, query the INFORMATION_SCHEMA.INNODB_TRX and performance_schema.xa_transactions tables to confirm the current state of the XID. If the transaction is stuck in PREPARED, issue an explicit XA ROLLBACK to clear it.
If the XID is missing, manually remove the orphaned record from the binary log using mysqlbinlog or restart MySQL with innodb_force_recovery=3 to purge corrupted XA entries. Always back up before manual intervention.
Stale XID after client crash - Roll back the XID, then retry the workload from a clean connection. This frees locks and resets the resource manager.
Duplicate XID on replicated nodes - Ensure GTID replication or binary log shipping copies the entire XA lifecycle. Avoid reusing XIDs in application code.
Commit or roll back every XA transaction in application logic. Implement timeouts that safely roll back abandoned XIDs.
Monitor xa_transactions for PREPARED rows. Galaxy's query scheduler can run a health check that alerts engineers when transactions linger beyond a threshold.
Error 1397 ER_XA_RMERR - Indicates a different resource manager failure; review engine logs for the root cause.
Error 1400 ER_XAER_NOTA - The specified XID is unknown; verify the XID string and transaction lifecycle.
A client disconnects after XA PREPARE, leaving the XID in PREPARED state. Subsequent XA COMMIT fails with XAER_RMFAIL.
Binary log replay on a replica finds an XA COMMIT before the corresponding XA PREPARE, causing a state mismatch.
The server crashes between XA END and XA PREPARE. On restart, the transaction table is incomplete and any further XA command fails.
An application mistakenly reuses an XA XID that still exists in PREPARED state, triggering resource manager failure.
General resource manager error during an XA operation; indicates internal engine failure rather than state conflict.
The specified XID does not exist, commonly raised when applications send XA COMMIT for an unstarted transaction.
Invalid XA command parameters; check XID format, flags, and SQL syntax.
No. The error only impacts distributed XA transactions. Standard Autocommit or START TRANSACTION workflows proceed normally.
Killing the connection frees locks but leaves the XID in limbo. Always use XA ROLLBACK to maintain consistency.
Galaxy surfaces long running PREPARED XA transactions in an editor widget, allowing quick rollback commands and collaborative review before errors escalate.
Only use innodb_force_recovery as a last resort when InnoDB fails to start because of corrupted XA tables. Always back up first.
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