<p>MySQL raises ER_DIFF_GROUPS_PROC (error 1384) when a stored procedure chain mixes different DEFINER or SQL SECURITY groups, blocking execution.</p>
<p>MySQL Error 1384 ER_DIFF_GROUPS_PROC appears when a stored procedure or trigger calls another routine created under a different DEFINER or SQL SECURITY group. Recreate the routines with matching DEFINER or adjust the DEFINER clause to remove the mismatch to resolve the issue.</p>
Can't handle procedures with different groups yet
MySQL throws the message Can't handle procedures with different groups yet when it detects that a stored routine is executed under a different privilege group than the routine that invoked it. The error code is 1384 and its SQLSTATE is HY000.
The conflict usually happens when a trigger or stored procedure created with one DEFINER or SQL SECURITY attribute calls another routine defined with a different DEFINER or security model. MySQL blocks the call to prevent unexpected privilege escalation.
MySQL evaluates privileges at routine-creation time for routines defined with SQL SECURITY DEFINER. If two routines in the same execution chain rely on different definer accounts, the server cannot safely decide which privilege set to apply, so it aborts with ER_DIFF_GROUPS_PROC.
Fixing the mismatch restores predictable privilege handling and avoids runtime failures in production workflows, scheduled jobs, and CI pipelines.
Most often, the error appears after a database import or migration where DEFINER clauses were copied from another environment that used different user accounts.
It can also occur when developers create helper procedures in their own accounts and then call them from routines owned by the application service account, or when mixing SQL SECURITY DEFINER and SQL SECURITY INVOKER.
Identify the routines involved in the call stack and check their DEFINER and SQL SECURITY attributes. Recreate or alter routines so all callers and callees share the same DEFINER or change them to SQL SECURITY INVOKER.
After aligning ownership, flush privileges or reconnect to apply changes, then rerun the original procedure to confirm the error is resolved.
A restored dump from production fails in staging because developer accounts do not exist. Replace the production definer with staging accounts before import.
An upgrade script adds a new helper function with SQL SECURITY INVOKER but an existing procedure uses SQL SECURITY DEFINER. Switch both to the same model or set the INVOKER routine to DEFINER.
Standardize a single application definer account and ensure all DDL scripts use it. Add code review checks to block ad-hoc DEFINER clauses.
When using Galaxy, enable team-wide templates that set the correct definer automatically and use the sharing controls to prevent unauthorized edits that might introduce mismatches.
Error 1449 (ER_NO_SUCH_USER) arises when the definer account is missing. Create the account or change the DEFINER clause to fix it.
Error 1227 (ER_SPECIFIC_ACCESS_DENIED_ERROR) indicates the definer lacks required privileges. Grant needed rights or change SQL SECURITY to INVOKER.
SQL dumps from another environment keep original DEFINER clauses, leading to mismatched groups after import.
One routine uses SQL SECURITY DEFINER while another uses SQL SECURITY INVOKER, creating conflicting privilege scopes.
Developers create routines under personal accounts that are later invoked by application routines owned by a service account.
A definer account is removed; recreated routines default to current user, breaking alignment with existing procedures.
Raised when the definer account specified in a routine no longer exists.
Occurs when the definer lacks the privileges needed during routine execution.
Appears when attempting to change a routine without adequate privileges or proper syntax.
Yes, if all routines in the chain are set to INVOKER, MySQL applies the caller's privileges uniformly, eliminating group mismatches.
No. MySQL enforces definer consistency for security. You must align definers or switch to INVOKER.
Yes. Consider version-controlling your DDL scripts in Galaxy or Git to keep audit trails.
Yes. The rule applies to any stored routine, including functions and triggers.
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