Dynamic SQL

Galaxy Glossary

What is dynamic SQL and when should I use it?

Dynamic SQL refers to SQL statements that are constructed and executed at runtime.

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Description

Table of Contents

What is Dynamic SQL?

Dynamic SQL is a programming technique where SQL statements are constructed and executed dynamically at runtime rather than being hardcoded. This allows more flexible and adaptive queries that can respond to different conditions or inputs.

Why Would You Use Dynamic SQL?

Dynamic SQL is used when the structure of a SQL query needs to change based on runtime parameters. Common scenarios include conditional WHERE clauses, table or column names determined at runtime, or constructing queries for reporting tools.

How Do You Write Dynamic SQL?

Dynamic SQL can be written using string concatenation or parameter substitution in procedural SQL languages like PL/pgSQL, T-SQL, or in application code. Functions like EXECUTE or sp_executesql are typically used to run the final statement.

What Are the Security Risks?

The primary risk of dynamic SQL is SQL injection if user inputs are not sanitized properly. It's crucial to use parameterized queries or proper escaping methods to mitigate this risk.

How Does Galaxy Handle Dynamic SQL?

Galaxy supports writing and executing dynamic SQL in a safe and collaborative environment. With AI-assisted editing and versioning, users can prototype dynamic queries quickly while maintaining security and reproducibility.</p>

Why Dynamic SQL is important

Dynamic SQL provides the flexibility to build queries that adapt to changing requirements at runtime. In analytics and reporting, this means enabling generic dashboards or interfaces that respond to user inputs or filters. However, its power must be balanced with security and maintainability considerations. Proper practices and tooling, like Galaxy, can reduce risks while increasing developer productivity.

Dynamic SQL Example Usage


EXECUTE 'SELECT * FROM ' || quote_ident(tablename) || ' WHERE id = $1';

Dynamic SQL Syntax



Common Mistakes

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is dynamic SQL used for?

Dynamic SQL is used when you need queries that change structure at runtime, such as filtering by user input or dynamically choosing tables or columns.

Is dynamic SQL safe?

It can be safe if implemented with proper input validation and parameter binding. Otherwise, it's vulnerable to SQL injection.

How does Galaxy support dynamic SQL?

Galaxy allows users to write dynamic SQL with the aid of AI, version control, and real-time previews, making it safer and easier to manage in collaborative environments.

Can I use dynamic SQL in PostgreSQL?

Yes, PostgreSQL supports dynamic SQL through functions like EXECUTE in PL/pgSQL, commonly used in stored procedures and functions.

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